Antique Japanese Meiji period print SINO-JAPANESE WAR 1894-95

Description

ANTIQUE ORIGINAL MEJII PERIOD JAPANESE  PRINT
showing a Propaganda Print of the
THE SINO-JAPANESE WAR 1894-95
VG condition, print  size - 15"  wide  x by 23   " high
THE SINO-JAPANESE WAR
Japan
and
China
fought the first Sino-Japanese War during
1894
and
1895
, primarily over control of
Korea
. To distinguish from the
second Sino-Japanese War
, this war is called "Jiawu War" in
Chinese
because it occurred in the
Chinese year
by that name.
Korea
(under the
Joseon Dynasty
) had traditionally been a tributary state to China. In
1875
the
Qing Dynasty
of China had allowed Japan to recognise Korea as an independent state. However China continued to try to assert influence over Korea, and
public opinion
in Korea split, with conservatives wanting to retain a close relationship with China while reformists wanted Korea to modernize and to have a closer relationship with Japan.
Following the assassination of a pro-Japanese reformist in 1894, a Korean religious sect, the
Tonghak
, began the
Tonghak Peasant Revolution
. The Korean government requested from China help in suppressing it.
However, when China did contribute assistance, the Japanese government sent an expedition in support of the reformists, and had seized the royal palace in
Seoul
by June 8, 1894. War between Japan and China was officially declared on August 1, 1894, though some naval fighting had already taken place.
The more modern Japanese army defeated the Chinese in a series of battles around Seoul and
Pyongyang
, forcing them north, and by November 21 the Japanese had taken Port Arthur (now known as
Lushun
).
The Japanese navy mauled China's northern fleet off the mouth of the
Yalu River
at the
Battle of Yalu
on
September 17
, 1894. The Chinese fleet lost 8 out of 12 warships, retreated behind the fortifications of the
Weihaiwei
naval base
, and was then caught by a surprise Japanese land attack across the
Liaodong Peninsula
, which shattered the ships in harbour with shelling from the landward side. After Weihaiwei's fall on February 2 and an easing in harsh winter conditions, Japanese troops pressed their advance into
Manchuria
.
Faced with these repeated defeats China signed the
Treaty of Shimonoseki
in April 1895.
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